Nepheg, Son of David

Who was Nepheg, Son of David, in the Bible?

Nepheg was a son of King David born in Jerusalem during the United Monarchy, listed among the children of David's Jerusalem wives.

This is one of 2 people named Nepheg in the Bible. See all 2 →

Nepheg was a prince of the United Monarchy of Israel, the son of King David and one of his wives in Jerusalem. His name, derived from a Hebrew root meaning "sprout" or "shoot," appears within the formal genealogical records of the Davidic dynasty. While he did not ascend to the throne, his inclusion in the royal archives underscores the expansion and establishment of David’s household following the consolidation of his power in the new capital.

Historically, Nepheg’s life is situated during the transition of Israel from a loose confederation of tribes to a centralized kingdom. As a member of the tribe of Judah, his existence serves as a genealogical marker for the fulfillment of the divine promise to David regarding the multiplication of his offspring and the stability of his house.

Background and Family

Nepheg appears in the biblical narrative specifically within the context of King David’s reign in Jerusalem. Following his coronation as king over all Israel and the capture of the fortress of Zion from the Jebusites, David took more concubines and wives from Jerusalem. The biblical record in 2 Samuel 5:13–16 and 1 Chronicles 14:3–7 lists the children born to David in the city, distinguishing them from those born earlier in Hebron.

Nepheg is consistently listed among this group of Jerusalem-born sons. He shared a household with prominent biblical figures, including his siblings Solomon, Nathan, and Absalom. The records identify him as one of the younger sons, often grouped with Ibhar, Elishua, Japhia, and Elishama. While the specific name of his mother is not provided in the text (aside from the general designation of "wives and concubines" in Jerusalem), he was an integral part of the second generation of the Davidic dynasty.

Major Life Events

The biblical text does not record any specific military exploits, political roles, or individual speeches attributed to Nepheg. His historical footprint is strictly limited to three genealogical lists found in 2 Samuel and 1 Chronicles. His life was likely spent within the royal courts of Jerusalem, witnessing the height of the United Monarchy’s wealth and influence. Because he was born after David established Jerusalem as the capital (c. 1000 BC), he would have been raised during a period of relative prosperity and architectural expansion, including the preparations for the building of the First Temple.

Relationship to Other Biblical Figures

Nepheg’s primary relationship is defined by his father, King David. As a prince of Judah, he was a sibling or half-sibling to David's other notable sons. In the list provided in 2 Samuel 5, he appears after Elishua and before Japhia. In 1 Chronicles 3, he is listed after Nogah. These lists confirm his status as a legitimate heir within the royal family, though he was further down the line of succession than older brothers like Amnon, Adonijah, or the eventual successor, Solomon.

Spiritual Significance

In biblical studies, figures like Nepheg are significant for what they represent collectively rather than individually. His presence in the Chronicles—a book written to encourage the post-exilic community by tracing their royal and priestly lineage—serves to validate the continuity of the Davidic line. By documenting every son, including those like Nepheg who did not achieve individual fame, the biblical authors emphasize the fulfillment of the Davidic Covenant (2 Samuel 7), wherein God promised to establish David’s house and offspring forever. Nepheg is a testament to the biological reality of that sprawling royal family tree from which the promised Messiah would eventually emerge.

Nepheg’s significance lies in his placement within the genealogy of the Davidic line. As a son born in Jerusalem, he represents the fruit of the era when David was fully established as king over both Judah and Israel. His inclusion in the records of 1 Chronicles 3 and 14 demonstrates the meticulous nature of Israelite record-keeping and the theological emphasis on the 'seed of David.'

While he is a minor figure in terms of narrative action, he belongs to the specific lineage that leads to the New Testament genealogies of Jesus Christ.

Frequently Asked Questions

Who was Nepheg's father?

Nepheg was the son of King David, born to one of his wives in Jerusalem.

What does the name 'Nepheg' mean?

The name Nepheg is derived from the Hebrew root meaning 'sprout,' 'shoot,' or 'bud.'

Where is Nepheg mentioned in the Bible?

Nepheg is mentioned in three places: 2 Samuel 5:15, 1 Chronicles 3:7, and 1 Chronicles 14:6.

Did Nepheg ever become king?

No, the biblical record indicates that his brother Solomon succeeded their father David as king.

Which tribe did Nepheg belong to?

As a son of David, Nepheg belonged to the Tribe of Judah.

Family & Relationships

Parents

  • Portrait of DavidDavidFather1 Chronicles 3:4–7Stated
  • Portrait of Jerusalem Wives of DavidJerusalem Wives of DavidMother2 Samuel 5:15
    Inferred

    No verse names Jerusalem Wives and Nepheg together; the son link is carried from the surrounding genealogy and is not stated in Scripture.Evidence: 2 Samuel 5:15

Portrait of Nepheg, Son of DavidNepheg, Son of DavidThis page
  • Portrait of AbsalomAbsalomBrother2 Samuel 13:1
    Inferred

    No verse names Absalom and Nepheg together; the brother link is carried from the surrounding genealogy and is not stated in Scripture.Evidence: 2 Samuel 13:1; 1 Chronicles 3:7

  • Portrait of Adonijah, Son of DavidAdonijah, Son of DavidBrother2 Samuel 3:4
    Inferred

    No verse names Nepheg and Adonijah together; the brother link is carried from the surrounding genealogy and is not stated in Scripture.Evidence: 2 Samuel 3:4; 1 Chronicles 3:7

  • Portrait of Amnon, Firstborn Son of DavidAmnon, Firstborn Son of DavidBrother2 Samuel 13:1
    Inferred

    No verse names Nepheg and Amnon together; the brother link is carried from the surrounding genealogy and is not stated in Scripture.Evidence: 2 Samuel 13:1; 1 Chronicles 3:7

  • Portrait of ChileabChileabBrother2 Samuel 3:2
    Inferred

    No verse names Chileab and Nepheg together; the brother link is carried from the surrounding genealogy and is not stated in Scripture.Evidence: 2 Samuel 3:2; 1 Chronicles 3:7

  • Portrait of Eliada, Son of DavidEliada, Son of DavidBrother1 Chronicles 3:7–8Stated
  • Portrait of Eliphelet, Son of DavidEliphelet, Son of DavidBrother1 Chronicles 3:7–8Stated
  • Portrait of Elishama, Son of DavidElishama, Son of DavidBrother1 Chronicles 3:7–8Stated
  • Portrait of ElishuaElishuaBrother1 Chronicles 3:6–7Stated
  • Portrait of IbharIbharBrother1 Chronicles 3:6–7Stated
  • Portrait of IthreamIthreamBrother2 Samuel 3:5
    Inferred

    No verse names Ithream and Nepheg together; the brother link is carried from the surrounding genealogy and is not stated in Scripture.Evidence: 2 Samuel 3:5; 1 Chronicles 3:7

  • Portrait of Japhia, Son of DavidJaphia, Son of DavidBrother1 Chronicles 3:7Stated
  • Portrait of Nathan, Son of DavidNathan, Son of DavidBrother1 Chronicles 3:5–7Stated
  • Portrait of Shammua, Son of DavidShammua, Son of DavidBrother2 Samuel 5:14
    Inferred

    No verse names Nepheg and Shammua together; the brother link is carried from the surrounding genealogy and is not stated in Scripture.Evidence: 2 Samuel 5:14

  • Portrait of Shephatiah, Son of DavidShephatiah, Son of DavidBrother2 Samuel 3:4
    Inferred

    No verse names Nepheg and Shephatiah together; the brother link is carried from the surrounding genealogy and is not stated in Scripture.Evidence: 2 Samuel 3:4; 1 Chronicles 3:7

  • Portrait of Shobab, Son of DavidShobab, Son of DavidBrother1 Chronicles 3:5–7Stated
  • Portrait of SolomonSolomonBrother1 Chronicles 3:5–7Stated
  • Portrait of Tamar, Daughter of DavidTamar, Daughter of DavidSister1 Chronicles 3:4–9Stated
  • Portrait of ElpeletElpeletBrother2 Samuel 5:15
    Inferred

    No verse names Nepheg and Elpelet together; the brother link is carried from the surrounding genealogy and is not stated in Scripture.Evidence: 2 Samuel 5:15

  • Portrait of NogahNogahBrother1 Chronicles 3:7Stated
  • Portrait of Jerimoth, Son of DavidJerimoth, Son of DavidBrother1 Chronicles 3:7
    Inferred

    No verse names Jerimoth and Nepheg together; the brother link is carried from the surrounding genealogy and is not stated in Scripture.Evidence: 1 Chronicles 3:7; 2 Chronicles 11:18

Connected Figures

Family

Categories

Mentions by Book

  • 2 Samuel7
  • 1 Chronicles7
  • 2 Chronicles1

Scripture References

All 15 indexed verses, in canonical order, from the Berean Standard Bible.

2 Samuel · 7

  • 2 Samuel 3:2Partial

    And sons were born to David in Hebron: His firstborn was Amnon, by Ahinoam of Jezreel;

    Cited as evidence on a family card; added so References, Key Verses and Mentions by Book share one index.

  • 2 Samuel 3:4Partial

    his fourth was Adonijah, the son of Haggith; his fifth was Shephatiah, the son of Abital;

    Cited as evidence on a family card; added so References, Key Verses and Mentions by Book share one index.

  • 2 Samuel 3:5Partial

    and his sixth was Ithream, by David’s wife Eglah. These sons were born to David in Hebron.

    Cited as evidence on a family card; added so References, Key Verses and Mentions by Book share one index.

  • 2 Samuel 5:13Partial

    After he had arrived from Hebron, David took more concubines and wives from Jerusalem, and more sons and daughters were born to him.

    Cited as evidence on a family card; added so References, Key Verses and Mentions by Book share one index.

  • 2 Samuel 5:14Partial

    These are the names of the children born to him in Jerusalem: Shammua, Shobab, Nathan, Solomon,

    Cited as evidence on a family card; added so References, Key Verses and Mentions by Book share one index.

  • 2 Samuel 5:15

    Ibhar, Elishua, Nepheg, Japhia,

  • 2 Samuel 13:1Partial

    After some time, David’s son Amnon fell in love with Tamar, the beautiful sister of David’s son Absalom.

    Cited as evidence on a family card; added so References, Key Verses and Mentions by Book share one index.

1 Chronicles · 7

  • 1 Chronicles 3:4Partial

    These six sons were born to David in Hebron, where he reigned seven years and six months. And David reigned in Jerusalem thirty-three years,

    Cited as evidence on a family card; added so References, Key Verses and Mentions by Book share one index.

  • 1 Chronicles 3:5Partial

    and these sons were born to him in Jerusalem: Shimea, Shobab, Nathan, and Solomon. These four were born to him by Bathsheba daughter of Ammiel.

    Cited as evidence on a family card; added so References, Key Verses and Mentions by Book share one index.

  • 1 Chronicles 3:6Partial

    David’s other sons were Ibhar, Elishua, Eliphelet,

    Cited as evidence on a family card; added so References, Key Verses and Mentions by Book share one index.

  • 1 Chronicles 3:7

    Nogah, Nepheg, Japhia,

  • 1 Chronicles 3:8Partial

    Elishama, Eliada, and Eliphelet—nine in all.

    Cited as evidence on a family card; added so References, Key Verses and Mentions by Book share one index.

  • 1 Chronicles 3:9Partial

    These were all the sons of David, besides the sons by his concubines. And Tamar was their sister.

    Cited as evidence on a family card; added so References, Key Verses and Mentions by Book share one index.

  • 1 Chronicles 14:6

    Nogah, Nepheg, Japhia,

2 Chronicles · 1

  • 2 Chronicles 11:18Partial

    And Rehoboam married Mahalath, who was the daughter of David’s son Jerimoth and of Abihail, the daughter of Jesse’s son Eliab.

    Cited as evidence on a family card; added so References, Key Verses and Mentions by Book share one index.

Others Named Nepheg

Compare all 2 bearers →
  • Nepheg, Son of IzharExodus 6:21

    Nepheg was a Levite of the Kohathite clan and a son of Izhar who lived during the era of the Egyptian bondage and the Exodus.

Books They Appear In