letters and revelation

Alexander

Man living at the time of the New Testament

Alexander the Coppersmith

Antagonist of the Apostle Paul who strongly opposed the Gospel message

A metalworker in the first century AD who gained notoriety for his vigorous and harmful opposition to the Apostle Paul’s ministry.

Alexander the Coppersmith

Apostate who caused the Apostle Paul great harm and opposed the gospel

A metalworker who apostatized from the Christian faith and became a prominent adversary of the Apostle Paul during his later ministry.

Ampliatus

Man living at the time of the New Testament

Andronicus

Man living at the time of the New Testament

Antichrists

Apostates who abandoned the early church to deny the incarnation of Jesus Christ

A group of former believers who abandoned the early Christian church to spread heretical teachings, particularly the denial of the incarnation of Jesus Christ.

Antipas

Man living at the time of the New Testament

Apelles

Man living at the time of the New Testament

Aretas

King living at the time of the New Testament

Aretas IV

King of the Nabataeans whose ethnarch attempted to capture the Apostle Paul in Damascus

Aretas IV Philopatris was the King of the Nabataeans (c. 9 BC – AD 40) whose ethnarch attempted to arrest the Apostle Paul in Damascus.

Aristobulus

Man living at the time of the New Testament

Artemas

Man living at the time of the New Testament

Asyncritus

Man living at the time of the New Testament

The Brothers

Traveling missionaries associated with the Elder who were given testimony of their faithfulness

A collective of traveling missionaries and emissaries within the Johannine community recognized for their faithful service to the Truth.

Carpus

Man living at the time of the New Testament

The Children of the Elect Lady

Early Christian community members commended by the Apostle John for walking in the truth

Members of a specific first-century Christian congregation or biological family addressed in 2 John who walked in the truth and were warned against false teachers.

The Children of the Elect Lady's Elect Sister

group of early believers who sent greetings in the Second Epistle of John

Members of a specific early Christian community who sent collective greetings to a sister church through the Apostle John in his second epistle.

Claudia

Woman living at the time of the New Testament

Clement

Man living at the time of the New Testament

Crescens

Man living at the time of the New Testament

The Elect Lady

Recipient of the Second Epistle of John and guardian of the faith

The recipient of the Apostle John’s second epistle, representing either a prominent female church leader or a personification of a local congregation.

The Elect Lady's Sister

Symmetric figure to the Elect Lady whose children's greetings conclude the Second Epistle of John

The kinswoman of the recipient of 2 John, whose children's greetings close the epistle, symbolizing the unity and shared faith of the early church.

Epaenetus

Man living at the time of the New Testament

Epaphroditus

Man living at the time of the New Testament

Epimenides

Greek poet and prophet quoted by the Apostle Paul in both Acts and Titus

A 6th-century BC Cretan philosopher and poet whom the Apostle Paul quotes in both Acts 17 and Titus 1.

Eubulus

Man living at the time of the New Testament

Eunice

Woman living at the time of the New Testament

Euodia

Woman living at the time of the New Testament

father_of_Barnabas

Levite living at the time of the New Testament - unnamed father of Barnabas

father_of_Eunice

Man living at the time of the New Testament - unnamed father of Eunice

The Friends (Johannine Network)

Network of early Christians who supported the Apostle John and practiced radical hospitality

A network of early Christian believers linked to the Elder Gaius and the Apostle John, representing a model of communal hospitality and shared theological identity.

Gaius

Man living at the time of the New Testament

Gaius

Man living at the time of the New Testament

Gaius

Christian host commended by the Apostle John for his hospitality and faithfulness to the truth

A beloved early Christian leader and host to the church, recognized for his hospitality and faithfulness in the Third Epistle of John.

Gaius of Corinth

Hospitality to the Apostle Paul and the entire Corinthian church

A prominent early Christian in Corinth known for his hospitality to the Apostle Paul and the entire local church congregation.

Hermas

Man living at the time of the New Testament

Hermes

Man living at the time of the New Testament

Herodion

Man living at the time of the New Testament

Jambres

Man living at the time of the New Testament

Jannes

Man living at the time of the New Testament

Jezebel of Thyatira

False prophetess who seduced the church at Thyatira into idolatry

A self-proclaimed prophetess in the church of Thyatira who led believers into compromise, idolatry, and sexual immorality during the late first century AD.

Jude

Man living at the time of the New Testament

Julia

Woman living at the time of the New Testament

Junia

Woman living at the time of the New Testament

Justus

Man living at the time of the New Testament

Linus

Man living at the time of the New Testament

Lois

Woman living at the time of the New Testament

Luke

Man living at the time of the New Testament

The Man Who Had His Father's Wife

Man mentioned by Paul for an incestuous relationship with his stepmother

A member of the early Christian church in Corinth whose incestuous relationship with his stepmother prompted Paul's instruction on church discipline.

Mary

Woman living at the time of the New Testament

Menander

Greek playwright whose maxim on 'bad company' is quoted in 1 Corinthians

A 4th-century BC Greek playwright whose maxim regarding corrupting influences was quoted by the Apostle Paul in his first letter to the Corinthians.

Narcissus

Man living at the time of the New Testament

Nereus

Man living at the time of the New Testament

The Nicolaitans

False teachers in the early church who advocated for compromise with pagan idolatry and immoral behavior

A heretical group in the early church censured by Christ in Revelation for their compromise with pagan idolatry and immoral practices.

Nympha

Woman living at the time of the New Testament

Olympas

Man living at the time of the New Testament

Patrobas

Man living at the time of the New Testament

Persis

Woman living at the time of the New Testament

Philologus

Man living at the time of the New Testament

Phlegon

Man living at the time of the New Testament

Phoebe

Woman living at the time of the New Testament

The Preachers of Envy and Rivalry

Preachers in Rome who sought to harm Paul’s reputation through competitive ministry

An anonymous group of first-century Christian teachers in Rome who preached the Gospel from motives of jealousy and partisan strife rather than sincerity.

Pudens

Man living at the time of the New Testament

Rufus

Man living at the time of the New Testament

Scythians

People living in Scythia

Stachys

Man living at the time of the New Testament

Syntyche

Woman living at the time of the New Testament

Tertius

Man living at the time of the New Testament

Those Who Hold the Teaching of Balaam

Sect in the church of Pergamum who promoted compromise with pagan idolatry and sexual immorality

A faction within the early Christian church at Pergamum who promoted syncretism, idolatry, and sexual immorality by following the destructive precedents of the Old Testament figure Balaam.

Tryphaena

Woman living at the time of the New Testament

Tryphosa

Woman living at the time of the New Testament

Urbanus

Man living at the time of the New Testament

Zenas

Man living at the time of the New Testament