Shema, Head of Aijalon
Who was Shema in the Bible?
A leader of the tribe of Benjamin and head of a household in Aijalon who famously drove out the inhabitants of Gath.
This is one of 4 people named Shema in the Bible. See all 4 →
Shema was a prominent Benjamite leader during the period of the Divided Monarchy. He was the son of Elpaal and played a critical role in the stabilization of the border regions between the kingdoms of Judah and the Philistine territories. Along with his brother Beriah, Shema is credited with leading the inhabitants of Aijalon in a successful military action against the people of Gath.
His genealogy is preserved in the Chronicler’s record of the tribe of Benjamin, highlighting his status as a head of a patriarchal house. Though his biblical footprint is brief, he is remembered specifically for his military prowess and his role in securing the territorial integrity of his tribe's ancestral lands.
Background and Family
Shema was a member of the tribe of Benjamin, a tribe known for its fierce warriors and strategic importance due to its location between the northern and southern regions of Israel. According to the genealogical records in 1 Chronicles 8, Shema was the son of Elpaal. He was part of a large and influential family; his siblings included Eber, Misham, Shemed, Beriah, Zebadiah, Meshullam, Hizki, Heber, Ishmerai, Izliah, and Jobab.
The chronicler emphasizes that Shema and his brother Beriah were "heads of families," a title indicating they held significant legal, social, and military authority over their respective clans. This leadership was essential for the survival of the Benjamite settlements during the volatile years of the Divided Monarchy.
Major Life Events
The primary historical event associated with Shema is the defense of Aijalon. Aijalon was a valley city of great strategic importance, sitting on the border between the Judean hills and the Philistine plain. 1 Chronicles 8:13 records that Shema and Beriah "drove out the inhabitants of Gath."
Gath was one of the five major city-states of the Philistines. The conflict suggests a period of territorial expansion or border raiding typical of the Divided Monarchy era. By successfully expelling the Gittites (people of Gath), Shema secured the safety of the Benjamite families living in Aijalon, ensuring that the land remained under Israelite control.
Relationship to Other Biblical Figures
Shema’s most significant recorded relationship is with his brother Beriah. The two are mentioned together as co-leaders in the military action at Aijalon. As a son of Elpaal, Shema was part of a lineage that remained distinct and powerful within the tribal structure of Benjamin. His family line is traced with care to demonstrate the continuity of the tribe through periods of civil strife and external threat.
Spiritual Significance
While the biblical text does not record specific prophecies or spiritual discourses by Shema, his inclusion in the sacred genealogies serves a theological purpose. In the Hebrew Bible, the preservation of names like Shema signifies God's faithfulness to the tribal inheritances promised to the patriarchs. Shema represents the "valiant man of Israel" who protects the community and the land. His life illustrates the biblical theme of the leader-warrior who acts as a protector of the people of God against pagan encroachment.
Shema is significant as a representative of the resilient leadership within the tribe of Benjamin during the Divided Monarchy. His successful military defense of Aijalon against the Philistines of Gath highlights the ongoing struggle to maintain the borders of the promised land. In the context of 1 Chronicles, his name serves to validate the heritage and land rights of the returning exiles by linking them to ancestral heroes who fought for their territory.
Frequently Asked Questions
Which tribe did Shema belong to?
Shema was a member of the tribe of Benjamin.
Who was Shema’s father?
He was the son of Elpaal.
What city did Shema help defend?
Shema was a head of a family in the city of Aijalon.
What major military feat is Shema known for?
He and his brother Beriah drove out the inhabitants of Gath from the region of Aijalon.
How many siblings did Shema have?
The Bible lists eleven brothers for Shema: Eber, Misham, Shemed, Beriah, Zebadiah, Meshullam, Hizki, Heber, Ishmerai, Izliah, and Jobab.
Family & Relationships
Parents
ElpaalFather1 Chronicles 8:12Stated
Shema, Head of AijalonThis page
Beriah, Son of ElpaalBrother1 Chronicles 8:13Stated
Eber, Son of ElpaalBrother1 Chronicles 8:12Stated
MishamBrother1 Chronicles 8:12Stated
ShemedBrother1 Chronicles 8:12Stated
Connected Figures
Family

Father · 1 Chronicles 8:12
A prominent Benjamite leader and patriarch during the Divided Monarchy whose descendants were responsible for the construction of the cities of Ono and Lod.
Divided MonarchyFirst: 1 Chronicles 8:113 versesTribal PatriarchBenjamin

Brother · 1 Chronicles 8:13
A leader in the tribe of Benjamin known for securing the territory of Aijalon by defeating the inhabitants of Gath.
Divided MonarchyFirst: 1 Chronicles 8:132 versesTribal Chieftain and WarriorBenjamin

Brother · 1 Chronicles 8:12
A member of the Tribe of Benjamin during the Divided Monarchy, Eber was the eldest son of Elpaal and a brother to the builders of Ono and Lod.
Divided MonarchyFirst: 1 Chronicles 8:121 versesTribal leader and head of householdBenjamin

Brother · 1 Chronicles 8:12
Misham was a descendant of Benjamin and the son of Elpaal, noted in the post-exilic genealogies for his family's role in the development of Ono and Lod.
Divided MonarchyFirst: 1 Chronicles 8:121 versesLandowner / Builder (Clan associate)Benjamin

Brother · 1 Chronicles 8:12
A Benjamite of the Divided Monarchy period credited with the founding or reconstruction of the cities of Ono and Lod.
Divided MonarchyFirst: 1 Chronicles 8:121 versesBuilder and city founderBenjamin
Categories
Mentions by Book
- 1 Chronicles1
Scripture References
All 1 indexed verse, in canonical order, from the Berean Standard Bible.
1 Chronicles · 1
- 1 Chronicles 8:13
and Beriah and Shema (who were the heads of families of the inhabitants of Aijalon and who drove out the inhabitants of Gath).
Others Named Shema
Compare all 4 bearers →Shema, Son of Hebron1 Chronicles 2:43
A descendant of Caleb within the tribe of Judah who fathered Raham during the period of the Divided Monarchy.
Shema, Attendant of EzraNehemiah 8:4
A prominent community leader during the Post-Exilic Period who stood beside Ezra the scribe during the public reading of the Law in Jerusalem.
Shema, Descendant of Reuben1 Chronicles 5:8
Shema was a member of the tribe of Reuben and a key genealogical link between the patriarch Joel and the Reubenite leader Bela.
