Ishmael, father of Zebadiah
Who was Ishmael, father of Zebadiah, in the Bible?
A Judean man of the Divided Monarchy whose son, Zebadiah, served as the royal administrator under King Jehoshaphat.
This is one of 6 people named Ishmael in the Bible. See all 6 →
Ishmael was a man living in the Southern Kingdom of Judah during the 9th century BC, specifically during the reign of King Jehoshaphat. While the biblical text provides no personal details regarding Ishmael's own career or tribal affiliation, his historical footprint is established through the prominence of his son, Zebadiah.
Ishmael is mentioned exclusively within the context of Jehoshaphat’s judicial and administrative reforms. As the father of a high-ranking official, Ishmael belonged to the social and political elite of Jerusalem. His name, which means 'God hears,' was a common name in the Semitic world, yet this specific Ishmael is distinguished by his familial connection to the 'ruler of the house of Judah.'
Background and Family
Ishmael appears in the biblical record during the middle of the 9th century BC, a period characterized by the religious and administrative reforms of King Jehoshaphat of Judah. The text of 2 Chronicles 19 identifies Ishmael as the father of Zebadiah. Although the tribe of Ishmael is not explicitly named, the context of his son’s role as the "ruler of the house of Judah" strongly suggests that Ishmael was a member of the tribe of Judah and resided in or near Jerusalem.
Major Life Events
The biblical narrative does not record the personal actions or specific life events of Ishmael himself. Instead, he is cited as a genealogical marker to identify his son, Zebadiah. During Jehoshaphat's reign, the king sought to centralize justice and governance by appointing specific leaders to oversee various sectors of society. Ishmael’s son was selected to represent the king's interests in all civil and royal matters (2 Chronicles 19:11). The inclusion of Ishmael’s name in this official decree indicates that he was a man of recognized standing whose lineage validated his son's authority.
Relationship to Other Biblical Figures
Ishmael’s primary relationship in the biblical text is to his son, Zebadiah. He is mentioned alongside Amariah, the chief priest, who oversaw religious matters. This placement suggests that Ishmael's family was part of the upper echelon of Judean society, serving directly under the Davidic monarchy. While Ishmael is not described as a direct advisor to the king, the success and appointment of his son reflect the influence and status Ishmael held within the community of Judah.
Spiritual Significance
While the text does not detail Ishmael's personal faith, his name—meaning "God hears"—serves as a reminder of the cultural and religious identity of Judah during a time of spiritual renewal. His significance lies in the legacy he left through his son. By raising a son who was capable of leading the house of Judah in "all that pertains to the king," Ishmael contributed to the stability and righteousness of the kingdom during one of its most faithful eras. The mention of his name in the sacred record preserves the memory of a father whose descendant played a vital role in the administration of justice under a God-fearing king.
Ishmael’s theological significance is found in the theme of legacy and the orderly administration of God's people. As the father of Zebadiah, he represents the lay leadership that supported the Davidic line. His inclusion in the Chronicles record emphasizes the importance of lineage in the post-exilic memory of the Divided Monarchy, illustrating how God uses specific families to facilitate justice and governance within the covenant community.
Frequently Asked Questions
Who was Ishmael's son?
Ishmael's son was Zebadiah, who served as the 'ruler of the house of Judah' under King Jehoshaphat.
What role did Ishmael play in the Bible?
Ishmael himself is not recorded as having a specific role; he is mentioned solely as the father of Zebadiah in 2 Chronicles 19:11.
What does the name Ishmael mean?
The name Ishmael is of Hebrew origin and means 'God hears' or 'God will hear.'
In which book of the Bible is this Ishmael mentioned?
This specific Ishmael is mentioned only in the Book of 2 Chronicles.
Was Ishmael a priest or a king?
The Bible does not identify Ishmael as a priest or a king, though his son held a high-ranking position as a royal official for the king of Judah.
Family & Relationships
Ishmael, father of ZebadiahThis pageChildren
Zebadiah, Ruler of the House of JudahSon2 Chronicles 19:11Stated
Connected Figures
Family

Son · 2 Chronicles 19:11
A high-ranking royal official appointed by King Jehoshaphat to oversee civil and legal matters for the southern kingdom during the Divided Monarchy.
Divided MonarchyFirst: 2 Chronicles 19:111 versesRuler of the House of Judah / Chief Civil JudgeBenjamin
Categories
Mentions by Book
- 2 Chronicles1
Scripture References
All 1 indexed verse, in canonical order, from the Berean Standard Bible.
2 Chronicles · 1
- 2 Chronicles 19:11
Note that Amariah, the chief priest, will be over you in all that pertains to the LORD, and Zebadiah son of Ishmael, the ruler of the house of Judah, in all that pertains to the king. And the Levites will serve as officers before you. Act resolutely; may the LORD be with the upright!”
Others Named Ishmael
Compare all 6 bearers →Ishmael, Son of AbrahamGenesis 16:11
Ishmael was the firstborn son of Abraham through Hagar, the forefather of the Ishmaelite tribes, and a patriarch whom God promised would father twelve princes.
Ishmael son of Jehohanan2 Chronicles 23:1
A military commander and son of Jehohanan who joined the high priest Jehoiada in the successful coup to overthrow Queen Athaliah and crown Joash king of Judah.
Ishmael, Son of Azel1 Chronicles 8:38
A Benjamite descendant of King Saul and one of the six sons of Azel, listed in the genealogical records of the Divided Monarchy.
Ishmael son of Nethaniah2 Kings 25:23
A member of the Davidic royal family who assassinated Gedaliah, the Babylonian-appointed governor of Judah, following the fall of Jerusalem.
Ishmael, descendant of PashhurEzra 10:22
A priest and descendant of Pashhur who was among those who married foreign women and later pledged to separate from them during the reforms of Ezra.
